Hanafuda (花札, "flower cards") are a style of Japanese playing cards.

They are typically smaller than Western playing cards, only 2+1⁄8 by 1+1⁄4 inches (5.4 by 3.2 cm), but thicker and stiffer.

On the face of each card is a depiction of plants, tanzaku (短冊), animals, birds, or man-made objects. One single card depicts a human. The back side is usually plain, without a pattern or design of any kind, and traditionally coloured either red or black.

Hanafuda are used to play a variety of games including Koi-Koi and Hachi-Hachi.